Gene Expression Analysis of Tissue Remodeling in Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Preliminary Investigation

Objective: This study aims to understand the pathophysiology of bone and tissue remodeling by demonstrating the gene expression profiles in the development of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).

Material and Methods: The study included patients who were operated with the diagnosis of CRS. The study group consisted of eight patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery with the diagnosis of CRS and had a history of chronic sinusitis as well as osteitic bone changes. The control group consisted of ethmoid bulla specimens of eight patients who had no history of sinusitis or sinus surgery with the diagnosis of acute sinusitis or antrochoanal polyp. In both bone and mucosal samples, RNA isolation was performed to identify and analyze genes that were upregulated and downregulated by whole-gene expression profiling using microarray technology.

Results: When the diseased and healthy bone samples were compared, a total of 1302 genes were detected in 1766, and the disease was intact. Four genes, CD36 (FC[Fold Change]=31.19), tenascin XB (FC=13.6), S100 calcium binding protein A12 (FC=9.4), and G0/G1 switch 2 (FC=9.3) up-regulated in both bone and mucosa.

Conclusion: Chronic rhinosinusitis is a disease that decreases both quality of life of the patient and the high cost of treatment. Gene expression analysis in tissue samples of patients with CRS and treatment-resistant CRS disease early can be used in the diagnosis of the period. With the understanding of the mechanisms involved in disease development, new treatment protocols can be established in the early period to prevent insufficiencies in medical and surgical treatment.

Cite this article as: Günel C, Bozkurt G, Akar YC. Gene Expression Analysis of Tissue Remodeling in Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Preliminary Investigation. Eur J Rhinol Allergy 2019; 2(2): 35-40.